HSK 4 grammar · new HSK syllabus
让 and 叫 as passive: 被 in speech
In speech, 让 and 叫 can replace 被, but the doer must be named: 我的车让人借走了.
Structure
- Object + 让 / 叫 + doer + verb + result
How it works
让 and 叫 can be used like 被 in spoken Chinese: 我的自行车叫人骑走了.
Unlike 被, they must be followed by the doer. If you don’t know who did it, use 人.
Examples
-
我的书让同学借走了。
Wǒ de shū ràng tóngxué jiè zǒu le.
My book was borrowed by a classmate.
-
蛋糕叫弟弟吃完了。
Dàngāo jiào dìdi chī wán le.
The cake was eaten up by my younger brother.
-
我的自行车让人骑走了。
Wǒ de zìxíngchē ràng rén qí zǒu le.
Someone rode off on my bike.
-
他让老师批评了一顿。
Tā ràng lǎoshī pīpíng le yí dùn.
He got told off by the teacher.
-
我的衣服叫小狗弄脏了。
Wǒ de yīfu jiào xiǎo gǒu nòng zāng le.
My clothes were made dirty by the puppy.
Words in these examples (26)
| 我 | wǒ | I; me | HSK 1 |
| 的 | de | (particle linking a describer to a noun, like "'s") | HSK 1 |
| 书 | shū | book | HSK 1 |
| 让 | ràng | to let; to ask (someone to do something) | HSK 2 |
| 同学 | tóngxué | classmate | HSK 1 |
| 借 | jiè | to borrow; to lend | HSK 3 |
| 走 | zǒu | to walk; to leave | HSK 2 |
| 了 | le | (particle marking a completed action or a change) | HSK 1 |
| 蛋糕 | dàngāo | cake | HSK 3 |
| 叫 | jiào | to call; to be called; to shout | HSK 1 |
| 弟弟 | dìdi | younger brother | HSK 1 |
| 吃 | chī | to eat | HSK 1 |
| 完 | wán | to finish; to be over | HSK 2 |
| 自行车 | zìxíngchē | bicycle | HSK 3 |
| 人 | rén | person; people | HSK 1 |
| 骑 | qí | to ride (a bike, horse) | HSK 3 |
| 他 | tā | he; him | HSK 1 |
| 老师 | lǎoshī | teacher | HSK 1 |
| 批评 | pīpíng | to criticize; criticism | HSK 4 |
| 一 | yī | one | HSK 1 |
| 顿 | dùn | (measure word for meals) | HSK 4 |
| 衣服 | yīfu | clothes | HSK 1 |
| 小 | xiǎo | small; little; young | HSK 1 |
| 狗 | gǒu | dog | HSK 1 |
| 弄 | nòng | to do; to make; to fix | HSK 4 |
| 脏 | zāng | dirty | HSK 3 |
Common mistakes
-
✗我的书让借走了。
✓我的书被借走了。/ 我的书让人借走了。
让 and 叫 need a doer after them.
-
✗他让批评了。
✓他被批评了。
Without a doer, use 被.
Check yourself
Choose the word that fills the gap.
1. 我的手机 弟弟拿走了。
2. 饺子都叫他吃 了。
3. 我的钱包 拿走了。