HSK 6 grammar · new HSK syllabus
一向, 依旧, 一时, 一再: time and frequency
一向 = always (by habit); 依旧 = still, as before; 一时 = for the moment; 一再 = repeatedly.
Structure
- 一向 + verb / adjective
- 依旧 + verb
- 一时 + verb
- 一再 / 再三 + verb
How it works
一向 describes a long-standing habit or character: 他一向很准时.
依旧 and 仍旧 mean things are still as before: 多年以后，这里依旧很美.
一时 means “for a moment, temporarily”: 我一时想不起来 = I can’t think of it right now.
一再 and 再三 mean “again and again”: 他一再强调安全.
Examples
-
他一向很守时，今天怎么迟到了？
He’s always punctual. Why is he late today?
-
十年过去了，这条街依旧那么热闹。
Ten years on, this street is just as lively.
-
他的名字我一时想不起来了。
I can’t remember his name right now.
-
老师一再提醒我们注意安全。
The teacher reminded us again and again to be careful.
-
经过再三考虑，我决定接受这份工作。
After careful consideration, I decided to take the job.
Words in these examples (38)
| 他 | tā | he; him | HSK 1 |
| 一 | yī | one | HSK 1 |
| 向 | xiàng | toward; to | HSK 3 |
| 很 | hěn | very | HSK 1 |
| 守 | shǒu | to guard; to defend; to keep watch | HSK 5 |
| 时 | shí | time; when (as in …时) | HSK 2 |
| 今天 | jīntiān | today | HSK 1 |
| 怎么 | zěnme | how; why | HSK 1 |
| 迟到 | chídào | to be late | HSK 3 |
| 了 | le | (particle marking a completed action or a change) | HSK 1 |
| 十 | shí | ten | HSK 1 |
| 年 | nián | year | HSK 1 |
| 过去 | guòqù | to go over; to pass by | HSK 2 |
| 这 | zhè | this | HSK 1 |
| 条 | tiáo | (measure word for long thin things: roads, rivers, trousers) | HSK 2 |
| 街 | jiē | street | HSK 3 |
| 依旧 | yījiù | as before; still; to remain the same | HSK 6 |
| 那么 | nàme | so; like that; then | HSK 2 |
| 热闹 | rènao | lively; busy (place) | HSK 4 |
| 的 | de | (particle linking a describer to a noun, like "'s") | HSK 1 |
| 名字 | míngzi | name | HSK 1 |
| 我 | wǒ | I; me | HSK 1 |
| 想 | xiǎng | to want to; to think; to miss | HSK 1 |
| 不 | bù | not; no | HSK 1 |
| 起来 | qǐlái | to get up; to stand up | HSK 2 |
| 老师 | lǎoshī | teacher | HSK 1 |
| 再 | zài | again | HSK 1 |
| 提醒 | tíxǐng | to remind | HSK 4 |
| 我们 | wǒmen | we; us | HSK 1 |
| 注意 | zhùyì | to pay attention; to be careful | HSK 3 |
| 安全 | ānquán | safe; safety | HSK 3 |
| 经过 | jīngguò | to pass (by, through); process | HSK 3 |
| 三 | sān | three | HSK 1 |
| 考虑 | kǎolǜ | to consider; to think over | HSK 4 |
| 决定 | juédìng | to decide; decision | HSK 3 |
| 接受 | jiēshòu | to accept | HSK 4 |
| 份 | fèn | (measure word for portions, newspapers, documents, jobs) | HSK 4 |
| 工作 | gōngzuò | to work; job; work | HSK 1 |
Common mistakes
-
✗他一向明天来。
✓他一向很早来。
一向 describes a habit, not a single future event.
-
✗我一时想起来了。（meaning “I can’t remember”）
✓我一时想不起来。
一时 is usually with a temporary negative.
Check yourself
Choose the word that fills the gap.
1. 她 对工作很认真。
2. 我 不知道该说什么。
3. 他 道歉，我们只好原谅他了。