HSK 1 grammar · new HSK syllabus
没 / 没有: did not, have not
Use 没 for things that did not happen, and 没有 as the negative of 有.
Structure
- 没（有）+ verb
- 没有 + noun
How it works
没 or 没有 before a verb says an action did not happen or has not happened yet: 我昨天没去, 他还没来.
Don’t put 了 after the verb in a 没 sentence. 了 says something happened; 没 says it didn’t.
没有 before a noun is the negative of 有: 我没有钱.
Examples
-
我昨天没去学校。
Wǒ zuótiān méi qù xuéxiào.
I didn’t go to school yesterday.
-
他还没来。
Tā hái méi lái.
He hasn’t come yet.
-
我没看见你的手机。
Wǒ méi kànjiàn nǐ de shǒujī.
I didn’t see your phone.
-
我没有中国朋友。
Wǒ méiyǒu Zhōngguó péngyou.
I don’t have any Chinese friends.
-
你吃饭了没有？
Nǐ chī fàn le méiyǒu?
Have you eaten?
Words in these examples (17)
| 我 | wǒ | I; me | HSK 1 |
| 昨天 | zuótiān | yesterday | HSK 1 |
| 去 | qù | to go | HSK 1 |
| 学校 | xuéxiào | school | HSK 1 |
| 他 | tā | he; him | HSK 1 |
| 还 | hái | still; also | HSK 1 |
| 来 | lái | to come | HSK 1 |
| 看见 | kànjiàn | to see; to catch sight of | HSK 1 |
| 你 | nǐ | you | HSK 1 |
| 的 | de | (particle linking a describer to a noun, like "'s") | HSK 1 |
| 手机 | shǒujī | mobile phone | HSK 1 |
| 没有 | méiyǒu | not have; there isn't; did not | HSK 1 |
| 中国 | Zhōngguó | China | HSK 1 |
| 朋友 | péngyou | friend | HSK 1 |
| 吃 | chī | to eat | HSK 1 |
| 饭 | fàn | meal; cooked rice | HSK 1 |
| 了 | le | (particle marking a completed action or a change) | HSK 1 |
Common mistakes
-
✗我没去了。
✓我没去。
Don’t use 了 after a verb negated with 没.
-
✗我没喜欢茶。
✓我不喜欢茶。
Likes and habits take 不.
Check yourself
Choose the word that fills the gap.
1. 我昨天 看电视。
2. 他今天 钱。
3. 我 喝咖啡，我喜欢喝茶。