HSK 3 grammar · new HSK syllabus
把: doing something to an object
把 moves the object before the verb to say what happens to it: 我把书放在桌子上.
Structure
- Subject + 把 + object + verb + 在 / 到 / 给 + …
- Subject + 把 + object + verb + result
How it works
把 brings a specific object before the verb so you can say what the action does to it: 我把书放在桌子上 = I put the book on the table.
The verb can’t stand alone after 把. It needs something after it: a place (放在桌子上), a person (给他), a result (做完, 洗干净), or a direction (拿出来).
The object must be specific: 把这本书, 把你的手机. Negatives and modal verbs go before 把: 我没把门关上, 你能把窗户打开吗？
Examples
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请把书放在桌子上。
Qǐng bǎ shū fàng zài zhuōzi shàng.
Please put the book on the table.
-
我把作业做完了。
Wǒ bǎ zuòyè zuò wán le.
I’ve finished my homework.
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你把手机给我看看。
Nǐ bǎ shǒujī gěi wǒ kàn kàn.
Let me have a look at your phone.
-
他把房间打扫得很干净。
Tā bǎ fángjiān dǎsǎo de hěn gānjìng.
He cleaned the room very well.
-
我没把护照带来。
Wǒ méi bǎ hùzhào dài lái.
I didn’t bring my passport.
Words in these examples (25)
| 请 | qǐng | please; to invite; to treat (pay for) | HSK 1 |
| 把 | bǎ | (marks the object before the verb: 把书放好); (measure word for chairs, umbrellas) | HSK 3 |
| 书 | shū | book | HSK 1 |
| 放 | fàng | to put; to place | HSK 3 |
| 在 | zài | to be at; at; in; (before a verb) in the middle of doing | HSK 1 |
| 桌子 | zhuōzi | table; desk | HSK 1 |
| 上 | shàng | up; on; above; to go up; to get on; previous | HSK 1 |
| 我 | wǒ | I; me | HSK 1 |
| 作业 | zuòyè | homework | HSK 3 |
| 做 | zuò | to do; to make | HSK 1 |
| 完 | wán | to finish; to be over | HSK 2 |
| 了 | le | (particle marking a completed action or a change) | HSK 1 |
| 你 | nǐ | you | HSK 1 |
| 手机 | shǒujī | mobile phone | HSK 1 |
| 给 | gěi | to give; for; to | HSK 1 |
| 看 | kàn | to look; to watch; to read | HSK 1 |
| 他 | tā | he; him | HSK 1 |
| 房间 | fángjiān | room | HSK 1 |
| 打扫 | dǎsǎo | to clean; to sweep | HSK 3 |
| 得 | de | (particle after a verb before a description of how it is done, as in 说得很好) | HSK 2 |
| 很 | hěn | very | HSK 1 |
| 干净 | gānjìng | clean | HSK 3 |
| 护照 | hùzhào | passport | HSK 3 |
| 带 | dài | to bring; to take along | HSK 3 |
| 来 | lái | to come | HSK 1 |
Common mistakes
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✗我把书放。
✓我把书放在桌子上。
The verb after 把 needs something after it.
-
✗我把门没关。
✓我没把门关上。
Negatives go before 把.
Check yourself
Choose the word that fills the gap.
1. 请 门关上。
2. 他把钱 了妈妈。
3. 我 把作业带来。